टीका

Commentary

Arjuna now identifies Krishna in three supremely important roles: father, guru, and the incomparably powerful Lord. Each of these carries deep significance in the Vedic worldview.

As pitaa — father — Krishna is the source of all life, both chara (moving, conscious beings) and achara (the unmoving, such as mountains, trees, and rivers). Every living entity, from the smallest microbe to the mightiest demigod, finds its origin in Him. This is not mere metaphor — it is a statement of ontological truth. Just as a father is the source of his child’s existence, Krishna is the source of all existence everywhere.

As gurur gareeyaan — the greatest of all teachers — Krishna occupies the highest position in the chain of spiritual knowledge. He is the original guru, the one who first imparted the Vedas to Brahma, who then passed them down through the disciplic succession. Every authentic spiritual teacher in the Vedic tradition ultimately traces their authority back to this source. No one can be Krishna’s guru, because no one possesses knowledge that He lacks.

The rhetorical question na tvat-samo asty abhyadhikah kuto anyah delivers the final point with elegant logic: if no one in all three worlds (earthly, heavenly, and lower) is even equal to You, how could anyone possibly be greater? The three worlds represent the totality of manifest existence, and in all of that vast expanse, there is no being that can match Krishna’s power, knowledge, or position. The title apratima-prabhaava — “O Lord of incomparable power” — seals the declaration. His power has no comparison, no measuring stick, no rival.