Vishayendriya-samyogaat yat tad agre amritopamam | Parinaame visham iva tat sukham raajasam smritam ||38||
अनुवाद
That happiness which arises from the contact of the senses with their objects, which seems like nectar in the beginning but turns to poison in the end — that happiness is considered to be in the mode of passion.
शब्दार्थ
विषय
sense objects
इन्द्रिय
and senses
संयोगात्
from the contact of
यत्
which
तत्
that
अग्रे
in the beginning
अमृत-उपमम्
like nectar
परिणामे
in the end/at maturity
विषम्
like poison
इव
like
तत्
that
सुखम्
happiness
राजसम्
in the mode of passion
स्मृतम्
is considered
टीका
Commentary
Rajasic happiness is the exact mirror image of sattvic happiness. Where sattvic joy starts bitter and ends sweet, rajasic pleasure starts sweet and ends bitter. This is the fundamental deception of sensory experience.
Vishayendriya-samyogaat — this happiness comes from “the contact of the senses with their objects.” A beautiful sight, a delicious taste, an exciting encounter — the initial experience is amritopamam, “like nectar.” It feels wonderful, intoxicating, life-affirming.
But parinaame visham iva — “in the end, like poison.” Every sensory pleasure fades. The food is digested, the excitement passes, the novelty wears off. What remains is emptiness, craving for the next hit, and often regret. The more intense the rajasic pleasure, the more painful the aftermath.
When a young person meets a beautiful companion, the senses are drawn to look, touch, and enjoy. At first, this feels like the sweetest thing in the world. But after some time — through separation, conflict, or simple boredom — the same relationship that brought such delight becomes a source of grief and sorrow. This is the nature of all happiness born from the union of senses and sense objects. It should be avoided because it inevitably becomes the cause of suffering.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What does Bhagavad Gita 18.38 mean?
- That happiness which arises from the contact of the senses with their objects, which seems like nectar in the beginning but turns to poison in the end — that happiness is considered to be in the mode of passion.
- What is the Sanskrit text of Bhagavad Gita 18.38?
- The original Sanskrit verse is: Vishayendriya-samyogaat yat tad agre amritopamam | Parinaame visham iva tat sukham raajasam smritam ||38||
- What are the key themes of this verse?
- This verse explores: happiness, three modes, passion, rajas, sense pleasure, impermanence.