टीका

Commentary

Continuing the description begun in the previous verse, Krishna now lists the external practices and lifestyle of one who is on the path to Brahman realization.

Vivikta-sevee — one who prefers solitude. Such a person naturally gravitates toward quiet, secluded places conducive to spiritual practice. This does not necessarily mean retreating to a forest; it means avoiding unnecessary social entanglements and the noise of worldly distractions.

Laghvaashee — eating lightly. Overeating dulls the mind and makes meditation difficult. The spiritual aspirant eats only what is necessary to maintain the body, neither indulging nor starving. This moderation in eating is a recurring theme in the Gita (see also 6.16-17).

Yata-vaak-kaaya-maanasah — with speech, body, and mind controlled. These are the three instruments of action, and all three must be brought under discipline. Unnecessary speech is abandoned, the body is not used for sensual indulgence, and the mind is kept focused through practice.

Dhyaana-yoga-parah nityam — always devoted to the yoga of meditation. Meditation is not an occasional practice for this person but a constant state. Even while acting in the world, the inner attention remains fixed on the Divine.

Vairaagyam samupaashritah — having taken complete shelter of detachment. Detachment (vairaagya) is not coldness or indifference but the inner freedom that comes from no longer being dependent on external circumstances for happiness. It is the natural byproduct of finding something infinitely more satisfying within.