टीका

Commentary

In this remarkable verse, Krishna names Himself directly, along with the very person He is speaking to. Among the Vrishni dynasty — the Yadava clan into which Krishna was born — He is Vasudeva, meaning Krishna Himself. Krishna and His brother Balarama are both sons of Vasudeva, and both are considered the closest expansions of the Supreme. The name Vasudeva here refers specifically to Krishna, the original Personality of Godhead.

Among the Pandavas, Krishna is Arjuna — Dhananjaya, the winner of wealth. This is a beautiful acknowledgment of the special bond between Krishna and Arjuna. Among all five Pandava brothers, Arjuna is the most intimate devotee of Krishna, the most accomplished warrior, and the one to whom the Gita itself is being spoken. By naming Arjuna as His own representative, Krishna elevates the listener to the status of divine opulence.

Among the sages, Krishna is Vyasa — Vedavyasa, the compiler of the Vedas, the author of the Mahabharata, and the writer of the Puranas. Vyasa is considered the greatest of all sages because he organized the vast ocean of Vedic knowledge into accessible forms for the benefit of humanity. He is also regarded as an incarnation of Krishna Himself.

Among great thinkers and poets (kavi), Krishna is Ushana — Shukracharya, the guru of the demons. Despite being the preceptor of the Asuras, Shukracharya was renowned for his extraordinary intelligence, political wisdom, and foresight. His inclusion here shows that divine opulence is recognized based on excellence, not on which side of a conflict someone stands on.